Ntawm nws cov tub ntxhais, lub transformer yog ib qho yooj yim tab sis ci ntsa iab ntaus ntawv uas zoo hloov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob ntawm circuits yam tsis muaj qhov txav. Nws ua haujlwm ntawm lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm electromagnetic induction.
Ib qho yooj yim transformer muaj ob los yog ntau dua coils ntawm insulated hlau, hu uathawj thiab theem nrab windings, qhwv ib ncig ntawm ib qho kev sib nqus sib nqus.
Thaum lub alternating tam sim no (AC) ntws los ntawm cov thawj winding, nws tsim ib tug tas li hloov magnetic teb nyob rau hauv cov tub ntxhais. Qhov no hloov magnetic teb ces induces ib tug voltage nyob rau hauv lub thib ob winding. Qhov piv ntawm tus naj npawb ntawm cov lem nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus thiab theem nrab coils txiav txim seb qhov tso zis voltage yog nce (stepped-up) los yog txo (stepped-down).
Cov txheej txheem zoo nkauj no ua rau muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab ruaj khov hloov pauv ntawm cov qib voltage, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb rau txhua yam los ntawm kev siv hluav taws xob muaj zog rau kev faib hluav taws xob hluav taws xob kom zoo. Raws li ib qho kev cai transformer chaw tsim tshuaj paus, peb engineers cov hauv paus ntsiab lus no kom tau raws li koj qhov tshwj xeeb voltage, hwj chim, thiab daim ntawv thov yuav tsum tau nrog precision thiab kev ntseeg tau.